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- Media Technologies
- Media Technologies: Class 8, Telephone
- 1 The Cycle
- 1.1 Invention
- 1.2 Disruption
- 1.3 Consolidation: Monopoly
- 1.4 Division: Break Up
- 1.5 Reorganization
- 2 The Cycle and Media
- 2.1 Telephone
- 2.2 Movies
- 2.3 Television
- 3 Invention
- 3.1 Alexander Graham Bell
- 3.2 voice over telegraph
- 4 Disruption
- 4.1 telegraph
- 4.2 vocal communication
- 4.3 no transcription necessary
- 4.4 broke Western Union’s monopoly
- 5 Consolidation
- 5.1 American Telephone and Telegraph
- 5.2 incorporated 1876
- Gardiner Hubbard
- Theodore Vail
- 5.3 long Distance
- 6 Local Telephone
- 6.1 independent companies
- 6.2 Balkanized
- 6.3 interconnected by AT&T long wires
- 7 Monopoly
- 7.1 Kingsbury Commitment (1913)
- 7.2 Theodore Vail returns
- 7.3 natural monopoly
- 7.4 anti-trust exemption
- 7.5 provided universal service
- 8 Vertical Integrated
- 8.1 switches
- 8.2 exchanges
- 8.3 long wires
- 8.4 telephone equipment
- 9 Federal Communications Act
- 9.1 passed 1934
- 9.2 Federal Communications Commission
- 9.3 regulated telephone as utility
- 9.4 affirmed common carrier principle
- 10 Foreign Attachments
- 10.1 Hush a Phone
- 10.2 Carterphone
- 11 Control over Innovation
- 11.1 microwave relay
- 11.2 communications satellite
- 11.3 Western Electric phones
- design remained the same over 50 years
- rotary dial
- “you can have any color you want”
- no foreign attachments
- 12 Breakup
- 12.1 AT&T Breakup 1984
- 12.2 Ma Bell
- 12.3 Baby Bells
- 13 Effects of Breakup
- 13.1 touchtone dialing
- 13.2 fax machines
- 13.3 answering machines
- 13.4 modems
- 13.5 local telephone monopolies
- 13.6 long-distance telephone competition
- 14 Telecommunications Act
- 14.1 deregulated
- 14.2 signed 1996
- 14.3 integrated services to provide “competition”
- local
- long distance
- video
- mobile telephone
- 14.4 consolidation of baby bells
- 15 Mobile Telephone
- 15.1 consolidated industry
- 15.2 landline phone companies
- 15.3 dude, where’s my disruption?