- Home
- Introduction to New Media
- Class 2: What is New Media?
- Ontology of New Media
- What is it?
- What does it do? What is its function
- What was its impact?
- Nineteenth century
- Modern media
- photographs
- motion pictures
- recorded sounds
- Mechanical efficiency
- faster production
- larger scale
- lower costs
- Photography
- writing with light
- camera obscura
- photosensitive material
- Daguerrotype: silver plate
- Kodak: roll film
- digital photography: image sensor
- Daguerrotype
- Louis Daguerre, 1839
- photographic process
- photosensitive plate
- similar to cyanotype and tintype
- Analytical Engine
- Charles Babbage, 1833
- mechanical computer
- used punch cards
- similar to loom
- weave numbers
- computing would allow storage, retrieval, and processing of large
records
- Telegraph
- Samuel Morse, around 1836
- electromechanical telegraph
- electrical signal
- circuits
- positive-negative
- short (dot) and long (dash) signals over copper wire
- Morse code
- telegrams
- annihilation of time and space
- commodities prices
- standard time zones
- Sound
- vibrational energy
- represented as waveforms
- Telephone
- Alexander Graham Bell, 1876
- vibrational energy to electrical signal
- sound carried over copper wire
- distributed over a telephone network
- annihilation of time and space
- transmitted voice instantly
- transmitted across vast distances
- Phonograph
- Thomas Edison, 1877
- vibrational energy to physical grooves
- sound recorded on a disk or cylinder
- annihilation of time and space
- preserved voice for the future
- transported across any distance
- Motion Picture
- combination of past inventions
- camera, camera obscura
- rapid fire photography, photographic rifle
- film, Kodak’s roll film
- motion photographs, Muybridge’s zoopraxiscope
- Thomas Edison
- kinetograph, camera, 1891
- kinetoscope, viewer, 1894
- vitascope, projector, 1896
- Lumiere Brothers
- cinematographe, camera and projector, 1895
- World Wide Web
- Tim Berners-Lee, 1990
- hypertext documents on Internet-connected computers linked to
each other
- hypertext markup language
- hypertext transmission protocol
- uniform resource identifier/uniform resource locator
- properties of World Wide Web
- open and decentralized
- based on standards
- easy-to-use
- Manovich: What is New Media?
- modern media
- photography
- motion pictures
- recorded sound
- computable numbers
- (Alan) Turing machine, 1940
- computations
- tape rolls
- digital
- binary code (0/1)
- “modern media converted as computable numbers”
- computer is a “media processor” and “media synthesizer and manipulator.”
- storage
- processing
- transmission
- retrieval