- Home
- Introduction to New Media
- Class 3, Telegraph
- A. Old Media New Again
- Telegraph
- revolutionary technology
- shows what technology could be…
- rearrange time/space
- Telephone
- utility technology
- warning about what technology could become…
- monopoly control
- B. The telegraph shows what technology could be…
- Optical Telegraphy
- communication by sight
- line of sight
- Optical Telegraphy Lives at the Vatican
- Code
- Heliograph
- helios: sun
- line-of-sight
- code
- Flag Semaphore
- visual signals
- ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore
- alphabetic codes
- Chappe’s Telegraph
- Claude Chappe
- 1793–1850s
- semaphore arms
- messages could be sent between 5–10 minutes
- Electromagnetic Telegraph
- Samuel Morse
- electromagnetism, Michael Faraday
- received Congressional appropriate of $10,000, 1843
- Morse Code
- bits: dot-dash
- alphabet bytes: sets of dots-dash
- transcribed on paper
- “What Hath God Wrought” (1844)
- May 24, 1844
- first message sent between Morse and Alfred Vail
- Washington, DC to Baltimore
- 40-mile connection
- used over B&O railroad right-of-way
- Telegraphs in the United States
- Morse sold and licensed telegraph
- telegraph network grew
- Washington to New York, 1846
- Western Union Telegraph Company formed 1856
- annihilation of space and time
- Standard Time
- Commodities Exchange
- standardized prices across vast regions
- Transatlantic Cable
- Cyrus Field
- undersea wire, 1858
- Gutta-Percha insulation
- William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)
- Anglo-American Telegraph Company, 1866
- Worldwide Telegraph Network
- Telegrams
- telegraph office
- transcribed
- transmitted as code
- relay
- received as code
- transcribed
- delivered by messenger
- Disruptions
- Local vs. Global Communities
- Commerce and Exchange
- Newspapers
- Personal Identities
- Telegraph and Internet
- Binary Digits
- Relay Routing
- Morse and ASCII
- Telegraph Disruptor